The components of the various formulas reach the cells, either by direct or indirect blood route in the case of oral products, and are incorporated by them, through the various means of cellular transport, depending on the size of the molecules of the elements in question. In the case of large molecules, their incorporation into cells will be by receptor-mediated endocytosis, following the chain: vesicle, endosome and lysosome. In the case of smaller molecules, their incorporation will be by simple diffusion or diffusion facilitated by proteins, as the case may be.
Cellular extracts that have entered cells through endocytosis are made up of molecules whose atoms are linked together by chemical bonds, in which energy is retained. Both matter and energy are used by the cell, through a process called cellular digestion, which breaks down the molecules by the action of the hydrolase enzymes contained in the lysosomes.